Maltodextrin Glycemic Index: Health Benefits

Maltodextrin is a carbohydrate derived from starch, usually from corn, wheat, rice, or potato. It is produced through the hydrolysis of starch, which breaks it down into shorter chains of glucose molecules. This process results in a flavorless white powder that is flavorless and dissolvable in water.

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Even though maltodextrin originates from plants, it is a highly processed food. It is closely related to corn syrup; however, the two foods' sugar content differs greatly. After hydrolysis, corn syrup is at least 20% sugar, while maltodextrin is less than 20%.¹ 

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The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved maltodextrin as a safe food additive, and it can be found as a thickening agent in many foods, including sauces, dressing, powdered drink mixtures, and desserts.²

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This article will explore how maltodextrin may impact blood sugar levels and the health benefits that could be gained from including this natural sweetener in meals. 

Maltodextrin has a higher glycemic index than table sugar and can cause high spikes in blood sugar levels. It is safe to consume in small amounts, but those living with diabetes, insulin resistance, or other chronic diseases, such as obesity, should be mindful of the amount of maltodextrin they include in their diet. 

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The below glycemic index and glycemic load data are for 100g of maltodextrin:³

From a nutritional perspective, maltodextrin does not contain any vitamins or minerals but is often enriched with certain micronutrients, depending on its source. 

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The below nutritional information is for 100g of maltodextrin.⁴

If your wellness goals center around weight loss, maltodextrin may not be an ideal choice. As a sweetener with no nutritional value, it can cause an increase in blood sugar levels as well as lead to weight gain. 

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However, if you are choosing to include this in your food choices, limit your consumption of maltodextrin and balance it with fiber and protein, which will slow down digestion and reduce the severity of possible blood sugar spikes. 

Since maltodextrin has a high glycemic index rating and can cause rapid increases in blood sugar levels, those living with diabetes should avoid maltodextrin. Be mindful of ingredients in sauces, dressings, desserts, and other food items, as maltodextrin is a cheap thickener that is often added to these foods and could increase their overall glycemic index. 

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Maltodextrin can be safe in small doses, but checking glucose levels more frequently when consuming this food product is recommended. Signs that maltodextrin may be causing a rapid blood sugar spike include:

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• a sudden headache
• increased thirst
• trouble concentrating
• blurred vision
• fatigue

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If you experience these symptoms, check your glucose levels immediately and contact your doctor. 

Maltodextrin allergies are extremely rare. Individuals with celiac disease or those following a gluten-free diet may be wary of maltodextrin, but it is considered gluten-free due to its processing method.⁷

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Some individuals may find they experience food intolerances or sensitivities to maltodextrin. Symptoms could include digestive discomfort, bloating, gas, or diarrhea. 

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If you suspect an allergy, sensitivity, or intolerance to maltodextrin, please consult a healthcare professional.